Journal of Clinical and Experimental Investigations

Abstract

Objectives: In this study, we aim to evaluate obstetric outcomes of the women with thyroid dysfunction than the normal pregnant women.
Materials and methods: In our study, 633 women between the ages of 18 to 35 who admitted to Kovancılar State Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic for pregnancy follow-up between January 2010 and January 2011 were evaluated. Serum thyroid - stimulating hormones (TSH), free tri-iyodotironin (T3), free thyroxine (T4) levels for all patients were studied. Antithyroidal peroxidase (anti-TPO) and Anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg) parameters were measured if they were necessary. The relationship between thyroid functions and complications such as eclampsia, preeclampsia, maternal anemia, postpartum hemorrhage, fetal anomalies, shoulder dystocia, neonatal hypoglycemia was examined.
Results: Hypothyroidism was found 18 of cases and hyperthyroidism was found 4 of them. The mean age of patients in the study was 26.42 (± 8.42). The mean values were 1.86 ± 0.19 μIU/mL for TSH, 1.15 ± 0.29 ng/mL for free T4 and 2.90 ± 0.31 pg/mL for free T3 respectively. Hashimoto's thyroiditis (9 cases, 50 %) was the most frequent etiology for patients with hypothyroidism. Other etiologic factors for hypothyroidism were found to be for 4 cases as (22.2%), iatrogenic (previously undergone thyroidectomy) and 5 cases as (37.8%) a lack of iodine. Maternal anemia was observed in 5 (27.78%) cases with hypothyroidism. Preeclampsia was observed 16.67% in patients with hypothyroidism.
Conclusion: Observed thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women may cause serious maternal and fetal complications. For disorders of thyroid function during pregnancy, to provide the necessary treatment at the appropriate time is important to prevent complications of mother and fetus.